Interviewer-"What about how saying, you spoke criminal probably, you spoke to the police or the criminal justice, but what about in the courts, then and today?" Mr. Martinez-I was nominated to be in the grand jury in 1972 by Frank Hernandez. Frank was a commissioner, jury commissioner, in those days you had a grand jury for three months/four days out of the week, so you had literally no Hispanics or African Americans, there has never been a Hispanic in the grand jury and very few black cause who can give away three months of their lives/four days a week/eight hours a day. And, so Frank was appointed by Judge Joe Chamberlin to be a jury commissioner, so he, Frank was a very good friend of mine, from the Tri-Ethnic Committee and he said if I like to serve on the grand jury and I didn't know what the grand jury was and so, I said, yea. He says, "You're qualified, you're a citizen, you're 18 years old and older and, of course, your degree and Randy [?] was going to give me the time and so, he nominated me and, in those days, we have five jury commissioners. They submitted less than four and their top one person, one, two, three, four, the top person would be on the grand jury automatically, submit the names of the judge and they pick the top person from five commission. Well, I never got contacted, so Frank called me one day and said, have you been contacted by the jury foreman? I said no, he said, you were my number one choice, you would have been number ten in the grand jury, I said, no I haven't. So, he called the judge and the judge said, no I didn't named Rene, Rene is 17, and the judge said, well, I didn't think Rene was qualified and Frank being a civil rights attorney said, no, he is qualified, and the judge said, Well, I'm not going to appoint him and so Judge Frank called me back and says, Do you want to take on the judge and Henry Wade? And, I said, lets do it! And, he said, you're going to be hit with a lot publicity and I said, Lets do it. We gotta bring about some change in the jury system. So, for the next three or four weeks, we're in the front page critisizing the grand jury process, the district attorney who had also had not, was not supportive and later, the, a defense attorney filed motion with the Texas Supreme Court, saying that all the indictments on that grand jury should be voided cause the jury was in panels, illegally. So, they have already indicted hundreds of people and, of course, that's really shook up the system and Judge Onion and the Supreme Court ruled against us, but he did say, in his ruling, that the judge should abide by the process and should not change the process, so if you have a process, you go by it. Years later, I saw Judge Chamberlin, I never knew him, ran into him, came and apologized to me and this is a few years before he died, he said, Rene, I was wrong, I got bad information from someone in the community that said that you were involved in the Peace Movement. And, I said, They were right about that, I was in the Peace Movement. But, they said, that you were smoking a lot of dope. I said, Well, I never smoked marijuana, I never will and [?] he said, Rene, I was wrong and I apologize to you, but, after that, the first Mexican American was put in the grand jury, so, I was the guy that fell over the [?] don't know any Sam Mareno or one of the federal employees that was there, but I was not the first..........