Interviewer-"Ok, lets leave SMU for a minute because that seem very [?] and wholesome with the Klan in Dallas how can you compare the two at a time?" Mr. Martinez, Well, it was very different, that was academia, you know, and in academia, I had, like you said, nurturing professors, I had friends that I was making a decision of who I wanted to be with. The other community, you also have to keep in mind, before I went to SMU, I seen discrimination in schools. I went to an all-Hispanic school-Travis Elementary, Cumberline, Spanish was the first time I encountered Anglos. So, as you may remember, we had the [?] that was playing in Dallas at that time, so I hadn't had a Mexican American teacher until I was a senior in North Dallas and so the brown decision had been put on hold here in Dallas for 20 years, 15 years, whatever it was in 1954, so the preparation I didn't know a lot until I went to high school. Elementary school it was all Mexican American and our school's burned down, Travis, back in 1953 and my mother was very involved in getting that school rebuilt and she was the president of the PTA at Travis, woman that didn't speak any English, but surrounded herself with Spanish and English speaking Mexican American ladies. And, so she took the task of taking W. T White in terms of getting the school rebuilt and it took her three years thanks to the help of her garden club and thanks to the help of the intervention of Ms. Will Rogers, the article was written in the Dallas Times Herald cause we were attending the school. Travis had been burned it was built in 1882 and when we were transferred to Cumberline Hill, we were going to a school that was built in 1888 and then we found out that the same principal that was at Travis came to join us a Cumberline, well we found out that he had been the same principal for both schools at the same time and his name was Alfred E. Losh. And, so, Coach Losh had been principal for the two schools. The message was Mexicans didn't deserve two principals, they deserved one and so, he was sharing his time. My mother tried to go through the process, W. T. White never met with her and Ms. Will Rogers got to know my mother, set up a meeting with [?] writer and a reporter from the Dallas Times, an article came out about the conditions at Cumberline Middle School that had been built in 1888, with about 600 kids, the cafeteria is dirty, the bathrooms are dirty, sharing textbooks that, when that story came out, W. T. White met with my mother and here entourage, and the new Travis was designed and built two years later, so, that's the upbringing that we had, the real Dallas and it took parental involvement for my mother, who didn't speak in English, to take on the school board, to take on the superintendant. But, that's what I experienced, I experienced segragated elementary school career........